Experiment #1

Experiment #1

Resistors

The table above is to help calculate the resistance value of a resistor. Resistors vary from four stripes to six, and depending which colour stripe is first and last, determines the way they are calculated.
 For example, if one of the further most stripes on a resistor is one of the select few colours used to display tolerance then it is likely that colour will be read and calculated last and so on.

http://www.learnabout-electronics.org/resistors_06.php

The value of resistors in a series circuit are added together. This gives you the total of resistance in that particular series circuit.
But, if the resistors are parellel to each other, the current will take the path of least resistance back to the earth (negative side) of its power source.

Experiment #5

Experiment #5

The Capacitor

*frozen images of oscilloscope readings

R-1000ohm

C-100uF

V-12v

Circuit #1 shows a slow gradual climb in stored voltage, this is because of the value of the resistor. Each square running vertically is valued at 2v, each running horizontally is equal to 100m/sec. This reading shows that a full voltage of 12v is reached in 500m/sec, using a 1k/ohm resistor with a 100uF capacitor.

R-100ohm

C-100uF

V-12v

Circuit #2 although this curve looks identical to that of circuit #1, note that on this reading each square running vertically is 2v, but each square running horizontally is only 10m/sec. Therefor total voltage (12v) is reached in 50m/sec, using a 100ohm resistor with a 100uF capacitor.

R-470ohm

C-100uF

V-12v

Circuit #3 using the same square values as in circuit #1, (100m/sec per horizontal square, 2v per vertical square) but this curve peaks quicker, because of higher current, due to less resistance. Total voltage is reached in only 250m/sec using a 470ohm resistor with the 100uF capacitor.

 

 Circuit #4 total voltage is reached in 1750m/sec (1.75sec), note each square horizontally is now 250m/sec (0.25sec). The reason being is the resistance is still the same as circuit #1 (1k/ohm), but the capacitor is now 330uF which is more than three times the capacity.